Instrument Rating Checkride Practice Test

In a precision approach, which system provides lateral and vertical guidance?

1. VOR

2. RNAV

3. ILS

4. NDB

The correct answer is: ILS

In a precision approach, the system that provides both lateral and vertical guidance is the Instrument Landing System (ILS). The ILS consists of various components, including a localizer, which offers precise lateral guidance to align the aircraft with the runway centerline, and a glideslope, which provides vertical guidance to ensure the aircraft descends at the correct angle toward the runway. This combined lateral and vertical information is crucial for safe and accurate landings, especially in low visibility conditions. While other systems such as VOR, RNAV, and NDB may play roles in navigation and approach procedures, they do not provide the same level of precision in both dimensions necessary for a true precision approach. The VOR system primarily offers lateral guidance, whereas RNAV can provide lateral guidance with certain procedures, but lacks the vertical component unless additional procedures or systems (like VNAV) are implemented. The NDB is also limited to lateral guidance and does not provide precision vertical information. Therefore, the ILS remains the standard for precision approaches, allowing pilots to approach the runway with confidence in both their lateral and vertical positioning.