Instrument Rating Checkride Practice Test

Which of the following must be visible for a visual approach to be initiated?

1. Runway markings

2. Preceding aircraft

3. Airport or preceding aircraft

4. Ground obstacles

The correct answer is: Airport or preceding aircraft

For a visual approach to be initiated, the pilot must have visual contact with either the airport or a preceding aircraft. This requirement ensures that the pilot is able to navigate safely towards the runway and maintain adequate separation from other traffic. When pilots can see the airport, they can establish their position relative to the runway and determine a safe descent path. Similarly, having visual contact with a preceding aircraft helps the pilot to manage their spacing and approach, ensuring a smooth and orderly arrival. The visibility of runway markings alone is not sufficient to initiate a visual approach, as pilots must first confirm their overall positioning and ensure they can follow a safe and effective path to landing. Ground obstacles are also not a factor in this context since the primary concern is managing approach and landing relative to the airport layout and other aircraft.